using System;

public class Program

{

    public static void Main()

    {

        // init car

        Car myCar = new Car();

        myCar.Make = "Dodge";

        myCar.Model = "Neon";

        myCar.Color = "Red";

        myCar.Year = 2005;

        myCar.MPG = 26;

        myCar.FuelCapacity = 11;

        myCar.Doors = 4;

        // use car

        myCar.Travel(14);

        myCar.Travel(356);

        // display car

        myCar.DisplayDetails();

        // init truck

        Truck myTruck = new Truck()

        {

            Make = "Toyota",

            Model = "Tundra",

            Color = "Green",

            Year = 1997,

            MPG = 12,

            FuelCapacity = 18,

            BedSize = "Short",

            TowingCapacity = 5800

        };

        // use truck

        myTruck.Travel(123);

        myTruck.Travel(56);

        myTruck.Travel(12);

        // display truck

        myTruck.DisplayDetails();

        Console.ReadLine();

    }

}

​

​

// marking class as abstact prevents it from being able to be instantiated.

// abstract class must be inherited from in order to be used.

// It's basicially saying, "This class has some general information, but it's too abstract/vague to be used on its own"

abstract class Vehicle

{

    public string Make {

        // get and set dictate how the property can be used and accessed

        get; // allows the property value to be gotten

        set; // allows the value to be set

    }

    public string Model { get; set; }

    public int Year { get; set; }

    public string Color { get; set; }        

    public double MPG { get; set; }

    public double FuelCapacity { get; set; }

    public double DistanceTraveled { get; private set; } // property can be gotten by anyone, but can only be set by other members of the class

    public double FuelUsed { get; private set; } // property can be gotten by anyone, but can only be set by other members of the class

    // custom logic for a property

    public double Range

    {

        // when the value of Range is requested do this work...

        get

        {

            return MPG * FuelCapacity;

        }

    }

    // an empty constructor allows users of the class to initialize an intance of the class without supplying any parameters

    public Vehicle() { }

    // a constructor that takes in parameters and sets some properties

    public Vehicle(double mpg, double fuelCapacity)

    {

        MPG = mpg;

        FuelCapacity = fuelCapacity;

    }

    // for methods that do not return a value to the caller the return type should be set to void

    public void Travel(double miles)

    {

        UpdateVehicleUsage(miles);   

        Console.WriteLine("Traveled {0} miles", miles);

    }

    public double FuelNeededForDistance(double miles)

    {

        return miles / MPG;

    }

    // Marking it static makes it a member of the class, not the instance. 

    // Therefore, it can be called without having to create an instance of the class.

    public static double FuelNeededForDistance(double miles, double mpg)

    {

        return miles / mpg;

    }

    // marking a method as virtual allows child classes to override what the method does

    public virtual void PressHorn()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Honk Honk");

    }

    // marking a method abstract forces child classes to override the method and supply their own logic

    public abstract void DisplayDetails();

    private void UpdateVehicleUsage(double miles)

    {

        DistanceTraveled += miles;

        FuelUsed += miles / MPG;

    }

}

​

​

// car extends the vehicle class by placing a colon after the class name followed by the name of the class to inherit from

// vehicle is the base class of the car class

class Car : Vehicle

{

    public int Doors { get; set; }

    // mark a method override to override the behavior of a method on the base class

    public override void PressHorn()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Beep Beep");

    }

    public override void DisplayDetails()

    {

        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.WriteLine("C# Type: {0}", this.GetType().Name);

        Console.WriteLine("Make: {0}", this.Make);

        Console.WriteLine("Model: {0}", this.Model);

        Console.WriteLine("Year: {0}", this.Year);

        Console.WriteLine("Color: {0}", this.Color);

        Console.WriteLine("Doors: {0}", this.Doors);

        Console.WriteLine("Fuel Capacity: {0}", this.FuelCapacity);

        Console.WriteLine("MPG: {0}", this.MPG);

        Console.WriteLine("Range (on a single tank): {0}", this.Range);

        Console.WriteLine("Distance Traveled: {0} miles", this.DistanceTraveled);

        Console.WriteLine("Fuel Used: {0:0.00} gallons", this.FuelUsed);

        Console.WriteLine();

    }

}

​

​

// truck extends the vehicle class by placing a colon after the class name followed by the name of the class to inherit from

// vehicle is the base class of the truck class

class Truck : Vehicle

{

    public string BedSize { get; set; }

    public int TowingCapacity { get; set; }

    // mark a method override to override the behavior of a method on the base class

    public override void PressHorn()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Blurp Blurp");

    }

    public override void DisplayDetails()

    {

        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.WriteLine("C# Type: {0}", this.GetType().Name);

        Console.WriteLine("Make: {0}", this.Make);

        Console.WriteLine("Model: {0}", this.Model);

        Console.WriteLine("Year: {0}", this.Year);

        Console.WriteLine("Color: {0}", this.Color);

        Console.WriteLine("Bed Size: {0}", this.BedSize);

        Console.WriteLine("Towing Capacity: {0}", this.TowingCapacity);

        Console.WriteLine("Fuel Capacity: {0}", this.FuelCapacity);

        Console.WriteLine("MPG: {0}", this.MPG);

        Console.WriteLine("Range (on a single tank): {0}", this.Range);

        Console.WriteLine("Distance Traveled: {0} miles", this.DistanceTraveled);

        Console.WriteLine("Fuel Used: {0}", this.FuelUsed);

        Console.WriteLine();

    }

}