using System;

public class Program

{

    public static void Main()

    {

        Blah blah;

        // by ref

        blah = new Blah { Value = "initial" };

        ByRef(ref blah);

        Console.WriteLine(blah.Value);

        // by val

        blah = new Blah { Value = "initial" };

        ByVal(blah);

        Console.WriteLine(blah.Value);

        // by ref

        blah = new Blah { Value = "initial" };

        ByRefNewObject(ref blah);

        Console.WriteLine(blah.Value);

        // by val

        blah = new Blah { Value = "initial" };

        ByValNewObject(blah);

        Console.WriteLine(blah.Value);

    }

    public static void ByRef(ref Blah blah)

    {

        blah.Value = "byref";

    }

    public static void ByVal(Blah blah)

    {

        blah.Value = "byval";

    }

    public static void ByRefNewObject(ref Blah blah)

    {

        blah = new Blah { Value = "new by ref" };

    }

    public static void ByValNewObject(Blah blah)

    {

        blah = new Blah { Value = "new by val" };

    }

    public class Blah

    {

        public string Value { get; set; }

    }

}