using System;

// BankAccount class

public class BankAccount

    /*constructor comes by default

        //public A() 

            //this is a method because of paretnhesis 

    //all classes have a constructor

    //public int MyInt { get; set; } 

        //this is a property

    //no explicit base? it is derived from object

        //public class A : Object

            //ToString

            //this can be overrided with...

                public override string ToString()

                { 

                return "An instance of class A:" + MyInt

                }

                A var_a = new A();

                var_a.MyInt = 100;

                Console.WriteLine(var_a.ToString();

                ;*/

{

    // 1. [Code] Create properties

    //    (a) AccountID: protected string

    //    (b) OwnerName: public string

    //    (c) Balance: public double

    //    (d) OpeningYear: private int

    protected string AccountID { get; set; }

    public string OwnerName { get; set; }

    public double Balance { get; set; }

    private int OpeningYear { get; set; }

    // Default constructor

    public BankAccount() { }

    // 2. [Code] Create the second constructor with 4 parameters to set up those 4 properties

    public BankAccount(string id, string name, double balance, int year)

    {

        AccountID = id; 

        OwnerName = name;

        Balance = balance;

        OpeningYear = year; 

    }

    // 3. [Code] Create function: PrintOwnerName

    //    input: no

    //    ouput: no

    //    behaviors: print out owner's name

    public void PrintOwnerName()

    {

        Console.WriteLine(OwnerName);

    }

    // 4. [Code] Create function: ShowBalance

    //    input: no

    //    ouput: no

    //    behaviors: print out balance

    //    Note: add keyword "virtual" to allow override later

    public virtual void ShowBalance()

    {

        Console.WriteLine(Balance);

    }

}

​

// CheckingAccount class

public class CheckingAccount : BankAccount

{

    // Properties

    public int WithdrawLimit {get; set;}

    // Default construtor

    public CheckingAccount() { }

    // 5. [Code] Create the second constructor with 5 parameters

    //    (a) use keyword "base" to call parent's constructor (hint: need to pass 4 parameters)

    //    (b) set up WithdrawLimit

    public CheckingAccount(string id, string name, double balance, int year, int limit) : base(id, name, balance, year)

    {

     WithdrawLimit = limit;

    }

    // 6. [Code] Create function: PrintOwnerName

    //    input: no

    //    ouput: no

    //    behaviors: Console.WriteLine("CheckingAccount OwnerName: " + OwnerName);

    //    Use Method Hiding (Hint: use new keyword)

    public new void PrintOwnerName()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("CheckingAccount OwnerName: " + OwnerName);

    }

    // 7. [Code] Create function: ShowBalance

    //    input: no

    //    ouput: no

    //    behaviors: Console.WriteLine("CheckingAccount Balance: " + Balance);

    //    Use Method Overriding (Hint: override keyword)

    public override void ShowBalance()

    {

     Console.WriteLine("CheckingAccount Balance: " + Balance);

    }

    public void Function()

    {   

        // 8. Question

        //    Can you print out AccountID? Why or why not?

        //    Console.WriteLine(AccountID);

        //    [Answer] Yes. AccountID is protected but it is the base class so can be accessed and printed

        //    Can you print out OpeningYear? Why or why not?

        //    Console.WriteLine(OpeningYear);

        //    [Answer] No. OpeningYear is private so it cannot be accessed and printed 

    }

}

​

public class Program

{

    public static void Main()

    {

        // 9. Question

        //    Unmark the following code once you finish both BankAccount and CheckingAccount classes

        //    Answer the following two questions

        CheckingAccount ca = new CheckingAccount( "A12345", "Mary", 5000, 12, 6);

        ca.PrintOwnerName();

        // What is this technique? (a) method hiding, (b) method overriding

        // [Answer] This is method hiding. ca.PrintOwnerName() calls the "new" method on the derived class

        BankAccount ba = new CheckingAccount("B6789", "John", 3000, 22, 6); 

        // This called "polymorphism", i.e. an instance of a derived class can be stored and used as an instance of the base class.

        // When the virtual method of the object is called, the virtual method on the derived class is called even though the variable is of the base type.

        ba.PrintOwnerName(); // This calls the method of the base

        ba.ShowBalance(); // This calls the virtual method on the derived class

        // What is this technique? (a) method hiding, (b) method overriding

        // [Answer] Method Overriding because of virtual method on the derived class

    }

}