using System;

​

public class Program

{

    public static void Main()

    {

        Mammal marrah = new Cat();

        Console.WriteLine("What does the cat say?");

        marrah.SaySomething();

        Mammal jaredLeto = new Dog();

        Console.WriteLine("What does the dog say?");

        jaredLeto.SaySomething();

        Mammal bruceSpringsteen = new Fox();

        Console.WriteLine("What does the fox say?");

        bruceSpringsteen.SaySomething();

        // We can fill an array of these different derived types as they are all dervied from Mammal

        // So the type of array is Mammal

        // The point is, we can treat the derived types as the same without necessarily knowing what type they are

        Mammal[] mammalArray = { marrah, jaredLeto, bruceSpringsteen };

        foreach (Mammal mam in mammalArray){

        // And the saysomething method is overriden in all of these types so we can use it on all of them!

        mam.SaySomething();

        }

    }

}

​

class Mammal

{

    public Mammal()

    {

    }

​

    //method to be overridden is tagged with virtual

    public virtual void SaySomething()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Breathing noises!");

    }

}

​

class Cat : Mammal

{

    public Cat()

    {

    }

​

    // override replaces the method with the one that corresponds to the class type

    public override void SaySomething()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Meow!");

    }

}

​

class Dog : Mammal

{

    public Dog()

    {

    }

​

    public override void SaySomething()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Woof!");

    }

}

​

class Fox : Mammal

{

    public Fox()

    {

    }

​

    public override void SaySomething()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Nya, nya, nya, nya, nya, nay!");

    }

}