using System;

​

/*

 C# includes static keyword just like other programming languages such as C++, Java, etc. 

 The static keyword can be applied on classes, variables, methods, properties, operators, events and constructors. 

 However, it cannot be used with indexers, destructors or types other than classes.

​

 The static modifier makes an item non-instantiable, it means the static item cannot be instantiated. 

 If the static modifier is applied to a class then that class cannot be instantiated using the new keyword. 

 If the static modifier is applied to a variable, method or property of class then they can be accessed without creating an object of the class, just use className.propertyName, className.methodName. 

*/

​

public class Program

{

    public static void Main()

    {

        Console.WriteLine(MyStaticClass.myStaticVariable);  //Class initialized on first access of static member

        MyStaticClass.MyStaticMethod();

​

        MyStaticClass.MyStaticProperty = 100;

        Console.WriteLine(MyStaticClass.MyStaticProperty);

        MyStaticClass2.MyStaticProperty = 200;

        MyStaticClass2.myStaticMethod();

    }

}

​

​

public static class MyStaticClass

{

    public static int myStaticVariable = 0;

​

    public static void MyStaticMethod(){  //Static method can only access other static items.

        Console.WriteLine("This is a static method.");

    }

​

    public static int MyStaticProperty { get; set; }

}

​

​

/*

 A static or non-static class can have a static constructor without any access modifiers like public, private, protected, etc.

 A static constructor in a non-static class runs only once when the class is instantiated for the first time. 

 A static constructor in a static class runs only once when any of its static members accessed for the first time.

*/

​

public static class MyStaticClass2

{

    static MyStaticClass2(){

        Console.WriteLine("Inside static constructor.");

    }

    public static int myStaticVariable = 0;

​

    public static void myStaticMethod(){

        Console.WriteLine("This is static method.");

    }

​

    public static int MyStaticProperty { get; set; }

​

}

​

​

/*

​

*/