using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Net.Http;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using Newtonsoft.Json;

using ShereSoft;

​

/*

    The latest versions of the following Nuget Packages are required:

        * NewtonSoft.Json

        * Zip2City

*/

​

public class Program

{

    public static async Task Main()

    {

        var cityWeather = new CityWeather();

        await cityWeather.ExportCityWeatherAsync();

    }

}

​

public class CityWeather

{

    private const string OPEN_WEATHER_BASE_URL = "https://api.openweathermap.org";

​

    private const string FORECAST_ROUTE = "/data/2.5/forecast";

​

    // Api Keys typically should not be hardcoded/committed. Should reside in appsettings or pulled from a key vault. 

    private const string API_KEY = "00f529dd202ee16b980ec0ead48f78d5";

​

    private readonly HttpClient _openWeatherClient;

​

    public CityWeather()

    {

        _openWeatherClient = new HttpClient

        {

            BaseAddress = new Uri(OPEN_WEATHER_BASE_URL),

        };

    }

​

    public async Task ExportCityWeatherAsync()

    {

        var cities = GetInputCities();

​

        foreach (var city in cities)

        {

            var zipCode = GetZipCode(city.Key, city.Value);

            var fiveDayForecast = await GetFiveDayForcastForCity(city.Key, city.Value);

            PrintOutput(city.Key, city.Value, zipCode, fiveDayForecast);

​

            Console.WriteLine();

        }

    }

​

    private static void PrintOutput(string city, string state, string zipCode, List<DailyCityForcast> forecastData)

    {

        Console.WriteLine("______________________________");

        Console.WriteLine($"{city}, {state} ({zipCode})");

        Console.WriteLine($"");

        Console.WriteLine($"{"Date".PadRight(15)} Avg Temp (F)");

        Console.WriteLine("------------------------------");

​

        foreach(var dailyForecast in forecastData)

        {

            var date = dailyForecast.Date;

            if(dailyForecast.HasPrecipitation)

            {

                date = date + "*";

            }

​

            Console.WriteLine($"{date.PadRight(15)} {dailyForecast.AvgTemp} F");

        }

    }

​

    /*

     * I wasn't exaclty sure what to do with the zip codes. They were shown in the output sample, so I thought I should include them.

     * I do not use the API route that has zip codes but rather stick to the API route that uses City and State.

     * Since the zip code is not used for the API call, I just pull the first value for the City/State from this nuget package's provided zip codes. 

     */

    private static string GetZipCode(string city, string state)

    {

        // These were the zip codes that were provided in the exercise description sample output

        if (city == "Marlboro" && state == "MA") return "01752";

        if (city == "San Diego" && state == "CA") return "92112";

​

        var zipCodeObj = Zip2City.AllCityStateZips.Where(x => x[0] == city.ToUpper() && x[1] == state).FirstOrDefault();

​

        if (zipCodeObj == null)

        {

            throw new Exception($"No zip code was found for {city}, {state}.");

        }

​

        return zipCodeObj![2];

    }

​

    private async Task<List<DailyCityForcast>> GetFiveDayForcastForCity(string city, string state)

    {

        var fiveDayForcastExtensive = await GetFiveDayForcastFromWebAsync(city, state);

​

        // Many web results (Every 3 hours for 5 days). This groups results by the Day. 

        var foreCastGroups = fiveDayForcastExtensive.Forecasts!.GroupBy(x => Convert.ToDateTime(x.Date).Day);

​

        var fiveDayForecast = new List<DailyCityForcast>();

​

        foreach(var forecastGrp in foreCastGroups)

        {

            var date = forecastGrp.FirstOrDefault()!.Date;

​

            // Averages the temperature across the 3 hour intervals in the day. 

            var avgTemp = forecastGrp.Select(x => x.TemperatureData!.Temperature).Average();

​

            var timesWithPrecip = forecastGrp.Count(

                x => x.WeatherData!.FirstOrDefault()!.WeatherType == "Rain" || x.WeatherData!.FirstOrDefault()!.WeatherType == "Snow");

​

            // If precipation is seen in any of the 3 hour intervals then the whole day is flagged for having precipitation.

            var isPrecipitation = timesWithPrecip > 0;

​

            var dailyCityForecast = new DailyCityForcast(date, avgTemp, isPrecipitation);

​

            fiveDayForecast.Add(dailyCityForecast);

        }

​

        if (fiveDayForecast.Count < 5)

        {

            throw new Exception($"Could not retrieve all 5 days. Only {fiveDayForecast.Count} forecast days were available.");

        }

​

        /*

         * I didn't want to dig too deep into this. Since data is retrieved for 3 hour increments, the current day is included which yields 6 results. 

         * There may be edge cases around midnight. If the count is bigger than 5 though, the first result (current day) can be omitted. 

         */

        if (fiveDayForecast.Count > 5)

        {

            fiveDayForecast.RemoveAt(0);

        }

​

        return fiveDayForecast;

    }

​

    private async Task<FiveDayForecast> GetFiveDayForcastFromWebAsync(string city, string state, string country = "us", string units = "imperial")

    {

        var requestUri = $"{FORECAST_ROUTE}" +

            $"?q={city},{state},{country}&units={units}&appid={API_KEY}";

​

        var response = await _openWeatherClient.GetAsync(requestUri);

​

        if(!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)

        {

            throw new Exception($"There was an error processing the http request. Status Code: {response.StatusCode}");

        }

​

        var responseContent = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

​

        var fiveDayForecast = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<FiveDayForecast>(responseContent);

​

        if(fiveDayForecast == null || fiveDayForecast.Forecasts == null || !fiveDayForecast.Forecasts.Any())

        {

            throw new Exception($"No forecast data was found for {city}, {state}.");

        }

​

        return fiveDayForecast;

    }

​

    private static Dictionary<string, string> GetInputCities()

    {

        return new Dictionary<string, string>()

        {

           {"Marlboro", "MA"},

           {"San Diego", "CA"},

           {"Cheyenne", "WY"},

           {"Anchorage", "AK"},

           {"Austin", "TX"},

           {"Orlando", "FL"},

           {"Seattle", "WA"},

           {"Cleveland", "OH"},

           {"Portland", "ME"},

           {"Honolulu", "HI"}

        };

    }

}

​

// Internal Models

public class DailyCityForcast

{

    public DailyCityForcast(DateTime? date, double avgTemp, bool precipitation)

    {

        Date = Convert.ToDateTime(date).Date.ToShortDateString();

        AvgTemp = Math.Round(avgTemp, 2);

        HasPrecipitation = precipitation;

    }

​

    public string Date { get; private set; }

​

    public double AvgTemp { get; private set; }

​

    public bool HasPrecipitation { get; private set; }

}

​

// JSON response models

public class FiveDayForecast

{

    [JsonProperty("cod")]

    public string Cod { get; set; }

​

    [JsonProperty("message")]

    public string Message { get; set; }

​

    [JsonProperty("city")]

    public CityInfo CityInfo { get; set; }

​

    [JsonProperty("list")]

    public List<ThreeHourForcast> Forecasts { get; set; }

}

​

public class ThreeHourForcast

{

    [JsonProperty("dt_txt")]

    public DateTime Date { get; set; }

​

    [JsonProperty("main")]

    public TemperatureData TemperatureData { get; set; }

​

    [JsonProperty("weather")]

    public List<WeatherData> WeatherData { get; set; }

}

​

public class TemperatureData

{

    [JsonProperty("temp")]

    public double Temperature { get; set; }

}

​

public class WeatherData

{

    [JsonProperty("main")]

    public string WeatherType { get; set; }

}

​

public class CityInfo

{

    [JsonProperty("name")]

    public string Name { get; set; }

​

    [JsonProperty("country")]

    public string Country { get; set; }

}

​