using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml.Serialization;

using System.Xml;

using System.IO;

using System.Diagnostics;

using System.Collections.ObjectModel;

using System.Threading;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Xml.Linq;

using System.Reflection;

using System.Data;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

using System.Net;

using System.Xml.XPath;

using System.Globalization;

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

using System.Collections;

​

// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43675252/serialize-deserialize-derived-class-as-base-class

​

    [System.AttributeUsage(System.AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = false)]

    public class XmlBaseTypeAttribute : System.Attribute

    {

    }   

​

    [XmlInclude(typeof(WindowsDevice))]

    [XmlInclude(typeof(AndroidDevice))]

    [XmlBaseType]

    public abstract class Device

    {

    }

    public class WindowsDevice: Device

    {

    }

    public class AndroidDevice: Device

    {

    }

​

    public static class TypeExtensions

    {

        public static IEnumerable<Type> BaseTypesAndSelf(this Type type)

        {

            while (type != null)

            {

                yield return type;

                type = type.BaseType;

            }

        }

    }

​

    public static class XmlExtensions

    {

        static Type GetSerializedType(this Type type)

        {

            var serializedType = type.BaseTypesAndSelf().Where(t => Attribute.IsDefined(t, typeof(XmlBaseTypeAttribute))).SingleOrDefault();

            if (serializedType != null)

            {

                // Ensure that [XmlInclude(typeof(TDerived))] is present on the base type

                // (Included for clarity -- actually XmlSerializer will make a similar check.)

                if (!serializedType.GetCustomAttributes<XmlIncludeAttribute>().Any(a => a.Type == type))

                {

                    throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("Unknown subtype {0} of type {1}", type, serializedType));

                }

            }

            return serializedType ?? type;

        }

        public static string Serialize(this object o)

        {

            var serializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType().GetSerializedType());

            using (var stringWriter = new StringWriterWithEncoding(Encoding.UTF8))

            {

                serializer.Serialize(stringWriter, o);

                return stringWriter.ToString();

            }

        }

        public static T Deserialize<T>(this string xml)

        {

            var serial = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T).GetSerializedType());

            using (var reader = new StringReader(xml))

            {

                return (T)serial.Deserialize(reader);

            }

        }

    }

​

    public class Program

    {

        public static void Main()

        {

            Test<WindowsDevice>();

            Test<AndroidDevice>();

        }

        static void Test<TDevice>() where TDevice : Device, new()

        {

            Console.WriteLine("Testing " + typeof(TDevice));

            var test = new TDevice();

            var xml = test.Serialize();

            var test2 = xml.Deserialize<TDevice>();

            Assert.IsTrue(test.GetType() == test2.GetType());

            Console.WriteLine("Test successful, XML: ");

            Console.WriteLine(xml);

            Console.WriteLine();

        }

    }

​

    public class AssertionFailedException : System.Exception

    {

        public AssertionFailedException() : base() { }

​

        public AssertionFailedException(string s) : base(s) { }

    }

​

    public static class Assert

    {

        public static void IsTrue(bool value)

        {

            if (value == false)

                throw new AssertionFailedException("failed");

        }

    }

​

    // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9459184/why-is-the-xmlwriter-always-outputing-utf-16-encoding

    public class StringWriterWithEncoding : StringWriter

    {

        private readonly Encoding _encoding;

        public StringWriterWithEncoding()

        {

        }

        public StringWriterWithEncoding(IFormatProvider formatProvider)

            : base(formatProvider)

        {

        }

        public StringWriterWithEncoding(StringBuilder sb)

            : base(sb)

        {

        }

        public StringWriterWithEncoding(StringBuilder sb, IFormatProvider formatProvider)

            : base(sb, formatProvider)

        {

        }

        public StringWriterWithEncoding(Encoding encoding)

        {

            _encoding = encoding;

        }

        public StringWriterWithEncoding(IFormatProvider formatProvider, Encoding encoding)

            : base(formatProvider)

        {

            _encoding = encoding;

        }

        public StringWriterWithEncoding(StringBuilder sb, Encoding encoding)

            : base(sb)

        {

            _encoding = encoding;

        }

        public StringWriterWithEncoding(StringBuilder sb, IFormatProvider formatProvider, Encoding encoding)

            : base(sb, formatProvider)

        {

            _encoding = encoding;

        }

        public override Encoding Encoding

        {

            get { return (null == _encoding) ? base.Encoding : _encoding; }

        }

    }